SKELETAL SYSTEM REVIEW

BONE FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE

• Five functions of bones: Gives shape to structures, support and protection, body movement, blood cell formation, storage of inorganic salts

LOCATION OF BONE PARTS IN FIGURE TO THE LEFT:

• EPIPHYSIS
• ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
• DIAPHYSIS
• PERIOSTEUM
• MEDULLARY CAVITY
• ENDOSTEUM

• Scapula=flat bone
• Patella=sesamoid bone
• Femur=long bone
• Carpals=short bones
• Vertebrae=irregular bones
• Skull=wormian bones

LOCATION OF MORE BONE PARTS IN FIGURE TO THE LEFT:

• SPONGY/CANCELLOUS BONE
• COMPACT BONE

LOCATION OF MORE BONE PARTS IN FIGURE TO THE LEFT:

• OSTEON
• OSTEONIC CANAL

LOCATION OF MORE BONE PARTS IN FIGURE TO THE LEFT:

• EPIPHYSEAL DISKS/PLATES
• PERIOSTEUM: Serves as an attachment point for muscles to bone through tendons and ligaments
• COMPACT BONE: Creates hard, outer shell of bone organ
• SPONGY BONE: Both red and white blood cells are created here
• YELLOW MARROW: Stores fat
• RED MARROW: Produces new blood cells

SKELETAL ORGANIZATION

**The typical human skeleton has 206 bones.

SKULL

LOCATION OF 4 SINUSES IN THE SKULL

ALL BONE AND BONE PART LOCATED ON FIGURES ABOVE AND RIGHT:

• FRONTAL BONE
• PARIETAL BONE
• OCCIPITAL BONE
• FORAMEN MAGNUM
• OCCIPITAL CONDYLES
• TEMPORAL BONE
• ExTERNAL AUDITORY MEATUS
• STYLOID PROCESS
• SPHENOID BONE
• ETHMOID BONE
• MANDIBLE
• MAXILLA BONE
• ZYGOMATIC BONE
• PALATINE BONE
• NASAL BONE

SUTURES ARE LOCATED IN THE IMAGE ABOVE:

• CORONAL SUTURE
• LAMBDOIDAL SUTURE
• SQUAMOSAL SUTURE
• SAGITTAL SUTURE

VERTEBRAL COLUMN

ALL BONES ARE LOCATED IN THE DIAGRAM TO THE LEFT:

• CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
• THORACIC VERTEBRAE
• LUMBAR VERTEBRAE
• COCCYX
• SACRUM
• CERVICAL CURVATURE
• THORACIC CURVATURE
• LUMBAR CURVATURE
• PELVIC CURVATURE

ALL THE FOLLOWING BONES ARE LOCATED IN THE TWO DIAGRAMS ABOVE AND TO THE RIGHT:

• PEDICLE
• BODY
• TRANSVERSE PROCESS
• SPINOUS PROCESS
• BIFID SPINOUS PROCESS
• SUPERIOR/INFERIOR ARTICULATING PROCESS
• LAMINA
• VERTEBRAL ARCH
• VERTEBRAL FORAMEN
• TRANSVERSE FORAMINA

ALL BONES ARE LOCATED IN THE FIGURE TO THE LEFT:

• AXIS 
• ATLAS
• DENS

ALL BONES ARE LOCATED IN THE
FIGURE TO THE RIGHT:

• SACRUM
• SACRAL CANAL
• SACRAL HIATUS

THORACIC CAGE

ALL BONES ARE LOCATED IN FIGURE ABOVE:

• TRUE RIBS
• FALSE RIBS
• FLOATING RIBS
• MANUBRIUM
• BODY
• XIPHOID PROCESS
• STERNUM
• COSTAL CARTILAGE

PECTORAL GIRDLE

ALL BONES ARE LOCATED IN THE FIGURE ABOVE:

• CLAVICLE
• SCAPULA
• VERTEBRAE (SPINE) 
• ACROMION PROCESS
• CORACOID PROCESS
• GLENOID CAVITY

UPPER LIMB

ALL BONES ARE LOCATED IN THE FIGURE TO THE LEFT:

• ULNA
• TROCHLEAR NOTCH
• STYLOID PROCESSES
• RADIUS
• HEAD 
• RADIAL TUBEROSITY

ALL BONES ARE LOCATED IN THE DIAGRAM TO THE RIGHT:

• HEAD
• GREATER TUBERCLE
• LESSER TUBERCLE
• DELTOID TUBEROSITY
• CORONOID FOSSA
• OLECRANON FOSSA

ALL BONES ARE LOCATED IN THE FIGURE TO THE LEFT:

•  CARPALS
• LUNATE
• HAMATE
• TRIQUETRUM
• PISIFORM
• SCAPHOID
• CAPITATE
• TRAPEZOID
• TRAPEZIUM
• METACARPALS(1-5)
• PHALANGES
• PROXIMAL, MIDDLE, AND DISTAL PHALANX

PELVIC GIRDLE

ALL FIGURES CAN BE LOCATED IN THE FIGURE ABOVE:

• COXAL BONE
• ILLIUM
• ISCHIUM
• PUBIS
• SYMPHYSIS PUBIS
• OBTURATOR FORAMEN
• ACETABULUM
• ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MALE AND FEMAL PELVES:

LOWER LIMB

ALL BONE PARTS ARE LOCATED
IN DIAGRAM TO THE LEFT:

• FEMUR
• HEAD 
• NECK
• GREATER TROCHANTER
• LESSER TROCHANTER
• MEDIAL CONDYLE 
• LATERAL CONDYLE

THE FOLLOWING BONE PARTS ARE LOCATED IN THE FOLLOWING DIAGRAMS TO THE RIGHT AND BELOW:

• PATELLA
• TIBIA
• LATERAL CONDYLE
• MEDIAL CONDYLE
• TIBIAL TUBEROSITY
• MEDIAL MALLEOULUS
• FIBULA
• HEAD
• LATERAL MALLEOULUS

THE FOLLOWING BONE PARTS ARE LOCATED IN THE DIAGRAM TO THE LEFT:

• TARSALS
• TALUS
• CALCANEUS
• NAVICULAR
• CUBOID
• LATERAL CUNEIFORM
• INTERMEDIATE CUNEIFORM
• MEDIAL CUNEIFORM
• METATARSALS
• PHALANGES
• PROXIMAL PHALANX
• MIDDLE PHALANX
• DISTAL PHALANX

JOINTS

TYPES OF MOVEMENTS ALLOWED AND WHERE THEY'RE FOUND IN FIGURE ABOVE:

• BALL AND SOCKET
• CONDYLOID
• GLIDING
• HINGE
• PIVOT
• SADDLE